The current global mean top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) radiative forcing concept with adjusted stratospheric temperatures has both strengths and limitations. The concept has been used extensively in the ...

The climate of the Earth over its history has varied from “snowball” conditions with global ice cover to “hothouse” conditions when glaciers all but disappeared. Over the past 10,000 years (current ...

Energy-efficient ways of cooling buildings and vehicles will be required in a changing climate. Researchers have now shown that electrical tuning of passive radiative cooling can be used to control ...

Owing to various factors such as global warming, growing population, as well as rapid industrialization, cooling has grown increasingly essential to human life throughout the years. A variety of home, ...